Water is supposed to be the healthiest thing you can drink. Unfortunately, if you are drinking the tap water provided by the city or town you live in, you are also putting numerous heavy metals such as fluoride, mercury, and even arsenic. In older homes, lead pipes add lead to your drinking water as the pipes corrode inside. Over time, these chemicals build up in your body and cause illness. Nothing is apt to change the way in which your water provider delivers water to your home, so you need to find a way to remove all these harmful chemicals each time you turn on your tap. The most energy efficient way people have found to do this is by utilizing a reverse osmosis filter system. These systems do not need electricity to run, which means that you are able to safely filter your water, and do it without adding additional cost to your energy bill. The illness you prevent also helps save money on doctor and hospital bills. What is reverse osmosis and what systems are the most dependable? We hope to answer that question here.
Home Master TMHP
- 9-Stage
- 75 Gallons per Day
- 5-Year Warranty
iSpring RCC7
- 5-Stage
- 75 Gallons per Day
- 1-Year Warranty
APEC Top Tier RO-90
- 9-Stage
- 90 Gallons per Day
- 5-Year Warranty
Home Master TMAFC
- 7-Stage
- 50 Gallons per Day
- 5-Year Warranty
APEC Top Tier ROES-50
- 5-Stage
- 50 Gallons per Day
- 5-Year Warranty
1. Home Master TMHP HydroPerfection
This system boasts a nine-filter system, one of the best on the market. The multiple filtration levels make sure that no matter how small or large a contaminating particle happens to be, it will be caught in one of the levels. The Home Master TMHP HydroPerfection also incorporates a unique design not found on any other reverse osmosis system. Most systems allow for the change of filters as they become dirty. The makers of this system realized, however, that the section containing the filters, where the impure water enters, also becomes prone to contamination. They have taken care of that issue by making the entire cannister replaceable.
One of the levels of sterilization incorporated into this system is the use of a UV light. Many types of bacteria are so small that normal filters won’t trap them. As the water undergoes treatment with the UV light rays, even the smallest organisms can be eliminated. Chlorine used to be added for this purpose, but the UV light system is not only safer it is also more effective. This is one system that will have you knowing your water is as pure as it can be.
2. iSpring RCC7
If you are seeking a system that can easily purify as much as seventy-five gallons of water a day, you have found it in the iSring RCC7. The manufacturers of this system are so confident that you will love it that they offer dissatisfied users a full money back guarantee. This versatile system allows for a number of additions that can be found where they are sold. These add-ons are not part of the initial purchase price of the system, but many customers find them to be useful. This system also comes with a limited one-year warranty and a service agreement. If you want to practice your do-it-yourself skills, head on over to YouTube. There you will find an installation video that will have your system up and running in no time at all.
3. APEC Top Tier RO-90
If you are looking for the best the USA has to offer in a water filtration system, you have found it in the APEC Top Tier RO-90. The water that comes from this system will have you thinking you got your water straight from the purest mountain stream. The 5-stage filtration system removes a full 99 percent of all impurities, leaving nothing but crisp, clear water to drink or cook with. Not only does it come with a WQA Gold certificate, which indicates it is a top-rated system for water purity, it also guarantees all its taps are free of lead and certified by both the FDA and NSF.
This system is easy to install. It comes with lifetime service and a one-year satisfaction guarantee. The filters are the largest available, making them twice as long-lasting as any other on this market. Cleaner water, longer-lasting filters, and lifetime support all add up to an excellent product.
4. Home Master TMAFC Artesian
Not only does the Home Master TMAFCArtesian system do a superb job of filtration with its seven-stage filter system, it also adds calcium and magnesium not once but twice during the purification process. These minerals add a refreshing taste to the 98 percent pure water and the extra health benefits are perfect for today’s fast lifestyles. They long-lasting filter is also designed with those who are busy in mind. It needs to be changed approximately once a year and can be done with no tools. This system also takes into account that many other systems are problematic because the water pressure causes them to work slowly. The manufacturers have created a solution that allows you to get the water you need and be on your way quickly, more refreshed from the short pit stop for water.
5. APEC Top Tier ROES-50
Another reverse osmosis system that has earned a WQA certificate is the APEC Top Tier ROES-50. It guarantees it removes a full 99 percent of all contaminants in your water. These include everything from large heavy metals to the smallest bacteria. This system provides some of the purest water possible. This system treats not only tap water but also treats well water. The water has been described as being better than any bottled water on the market. This system also comes with a one year guarantee of satisfaction and support for the life of the system. You can’t get much better than that.
The lead-free faucet and easy installation that doesn’t require fiddling with seals and extra lock clips make it one of the easiest systems to install. You can buy it, take it home and be drinking the best-tasting water you have ever had within the hour.
6. Home Master TMULTRA
Energy efficiency
The system has an energy efficiency rating of 4:1 – this means that for every gallon produced, it also produces four gallons of waste water. However, this is put to good use by flushing the RO
membrane, significantly extending its life expectancy. Using inlet water at a higher pressure, the amount of waste water can be dramatically reduced. You can further improve the waste by introducing an optional permeate pump.
This will dramatically reduce water wastage to just one gallon for every gallon produced. At the same time, it can dramatically increase capacity to 75 gallons per day.
Filters will last for roughly a year before they need to be changed. When this happens, a modular configuration, in which each filter is contained snugly inside its own casing, makes them extremely easy to remove and replace. You don’t need any tools to remove it – simply pull out the old one and replace it with the new. RO membranes, meanwhile, will last for around three to five years.
In addition to the standard filter, it also contains an iron filter – to remove any excess iron – and a UV filter, which kills of 99% of all micro-organisms found in the water flow.
Ease of use
The TM Ultra is specially designed to be as easy to use and install as possible. A compact design sees it slot neatly into place underneath most sinks. It can be installed by someone with even the most modest DIY skills and the only tools you’ll need will be a drill, a crescent wrench and a Phillips Screwdriver. Colour-coded pipes make it easy to see what goes where. Home Master have also made a series of six videos about the installation, available on YouTube to make it even easier
This is one of the pricier unit. Offering high efficiency and a three-stage filter system with RO, Iron Filters and UV filtration, this is an ideal system whether you’re taking water directly from the city supply or a well. Its easy use and installation make it accessible, while reducing the amount of rouble you need to go through when the time comes
to change it. The Permeate pump is only included as an option, but it can come in handy if water usage and waste is a particular issue.
7. Aquasana AQ-RO-3.55 OptimH2O Reverse Osmosis Fluoride Water Filter
Compact Design
The design is compact, fits under the sink and will produce 36 gallons of pure water per day, although this precise figure depends on the inlet water pressure. It advertises itself as having a three-stage filter process, which may seem to be lacking when compared to some of its competitors which offer five or seven. However, this can be something of a misleading figure as some of its filter stages manage to perform tasks which would require two or more filter stages if used by a different system.
The system is particularly effective at removing harmful substances from the water. It can take out 95% of fluoride and mercury along with 97% of chlorine and arsenic and 99% of lead and asbestos. Once it has been successfully filtered, the water then goes through a process of remineralisation. This is where certain minerals are put back into the water to improve the taste and natural feel.
They use a slightly different figure for measuring water efficiency. Instead of an efficiency ratio they rate their efficiency as 17.5% which means for every gallon of pure water, just over five gallons will be wasted. This waste water can then be used to flush impurities out of the filter membrane and extend its life.
Installation can be a problem when it comes to installing the outlet faucet. While most systems only need a half-inch sized hole, the AQ-RO 3 will need a hole of around 1.5inches. As long as there is already a big enough hole, their installation is very straightforward and you can do it with only a little bit of DIY experience. If not, things could get a little complicated.
Money back guarantee
It comes with a 90-day money back satisfaction guarantee. That means that if you’re not happy with the system, the manufacturers will refund the purchase price if you return it within that time. In addition to that it also boasts a two-year warranty for replacement parts and workmanship.
This is a moderately priced unit. While some may complain about the installation, the big selling point is its efficiency in removing some of the most harmful substances found in water. If fluoride, arsenic, or lead are especially troublesome in your area, this is the system for you. Its ability to remineralize the water also improves the taste and ensures you’ll be getting nice, pleasant, natural water from your tap.
8. APEC Water Countertop Reverse Osmosis Filtration
It is an ideal option if you don’t have space under your counter or want something which is easy to install. Its manufacturers advertise it as being installation free, which is it. All you need is enough space to pop it on your counter although this might affect the look of your kitchen.
High performance
The downside of this compact size is that it does not have any water storage, which means performance is dependent on water pressure. If it’s low, it could take as long as 30 minutes to fill a gallon sized jug with purified water.
However, its capacity is considerable. The manufacturers say it will produce 90 gallons of water within a day matching and surpassing its larger counterparts. However, this is highly dependent on the inlet water pressure so may vary.
It promises to remove 99% of harmful impurities from tap water through a four-stage filtration process:
1. Sediment filter: The first stage removes any dust, rust or other particles from the water flow, which helps to protect the water membrane.
2. Coconut Shell activated carbon filter: Removes unpleasant odours, chlorine, colour and cloudiness.
3. High Rejection TFC Reverse Osmosis membrane: Capable of removing 99% of total dissolved solids (TDS) and all those harmful substances such as arsenic, lead, fluoride, radium, bacteria and other viruses.
4. Coconut Shell Activated Carbon: A second carbon filter removes any remaining nastiness which might affect the taste.
Filters for the first two stages will need to be changed every six months while the fourth stage filter will last between two and five years.
Energy efficiency
One feature which tends to surprise many users is that it’s surprisingly energy efficient when compared to larger models. While you might expect an energy efficiency rating of 4:1 or 5:1 with
many conventional under the sink RO Filters. This, though, will be closer to 2:1 – meaning that for every two gallons of water it uses, one gallon is produced.
Installation is relatively straightforward and should be possible in only a few minutes. It comes with clear manufacturer instructions and is a great way to reduce the burden of installing a system.
Where this system works well is for people who are in small flats with relatively little room under the sink or in rented accommodation. A compact portable system will not require any significant work to install and can be taken with you. Small, though it may be, it packs a considerable punch boasting performance and efficiency ratings not dissimilar to bulkier competitors. When pressure is low it may struggle to produce pure water quickly enough, but otherwise, this is a great option for people who are either short of space, or don’t want to undertake a major installation.
9. Brondell H2O+ Circle Water Saving Reverse Osmosis Water Filter System
everything packed away in a simple, black case, there are none of the exposed pipes you’ll see with other filters.
It is a great option for people who want something that looks a little tidier, but this is about much more than just looks. It is extremely energy efficient. Producing a gallon of pure water requires only two gallons, making it almost twice as efficient as most of its competitors.
It achieves this through an effective piece of technology called a smart valve. Combined with a circular reservoir, this intelligent system eliminates any back pressure and dramatically increases the efficiency of the system, making this one of the most efficient non-pumped systems on the market.
The filtration process
Filtration occurs through a four-stage process.
1. A sediment filter reduces the number of dust particles, rust and sand floating in the water which may damage a membrane filter
2. A pre-carbon plus filter reduces the amount of chlorine, volatile organic compounds
3. The membrane filter then forces water through a semi-permeable membrane and separates pollutants such as fluoride, arsenic, chemicals and heavy metals.
4. Post Carbon Block Filter: This final stage reduces any remaining impurities which could impact the taste and quality of the produced water.
All in all, this is an extremely high-performance system. It can produce 56 gallons per day with outstanding efficiency. One of its biggest selling points is the fact that most systems will not let you know when they need changing. This, on the other hand, comes with a change indicator. When performing normally the indicator will be flashing blue. After six months, or when 475 gallons of water has been dispensed, the light will start to flash red to let you know that the filters need changing.
Carrying out this change is straightforward. Its simple, modular design, makes changing the filters extremely simple and straightforward. All you have to do is open the front of
the unit and pull each filter out. These filters should be changed every six months while the membrane will last two years.
Installation is extremely straightforward although you may have to drill a hole for the faucet. Once you’ve located it, you only need to attach the feed-in pipe by placing the supplied T-Connector onto the end of the pipe. Connections can be carried out with a very simple push to fit connection.
The great thing about this filter is that it proves you can do something a little different. From its design to the smart technology built within, it plots its own course. Star of the show is the smart valve which dramatically increases its water efficiency. Pumped systems may be even more efficient, but in the non-pumped world, this represents a gigantic leap forward.
On the downside, its boxed design may be a little inflexible which might make it difficult to install under the sink. Even so, if you’re looking for a highly efficient unit which does not compromise on performance, this is a great system for you. This is one of the lowest priced units compared with others.
10. Watts Premier RO Pure 531411 4-Stage Reverse Osmosis System
It works on the basis of a four-stage filter process. First come two-micron filters which remove sediment, dust and other debris. It then goes on to a filter membrane which filters out some heavy metals and other harmful chemicals such as fluoride and arsenic.
Installation can take place relatively quickly. It comes with everything you need and can be completed with only the most basic understanding of DIY in about an hour. It also comes with a change indicator which lets you know when the time has come to change the filter.
In terms of water efficiency, the manufacturer does not give any figures. However, estimates suggest it wastes between three and four gallons for every gallon produced. It produces an
impressive 50 gallons per day and comes with a three-year limited warranty from the manufacturer.
This unit is priced fairly high, relative to other units in this list. On the down side, it may develop leaks over time, but a clear change indicator takes much of the guess work out of maintenance. You won’t need to test the water quality. Now it’s all visible right from the off.
Reverse Osmosis Explained
Knowing how regular osmosis works will help you understand how reverse osmosis is achieved. Picture a u-shaped pipe with the rounded part at the bottom. In the center is a piece of material that will allow only small water molecules through. Let’s say you pour salt water into one side of the pipe. Water likes to be in equilibrium and will exert pressure to do so. If you leave the one side of the pipe empty, enough water to create this evenness will pass through the filtering membrane, leaving the salt behind. However, water pipes have water on both sides. After the salt water is placed in one side of the pipe, imagine pure water being poured into the other side. As the water attempts to create its natural equilibrium, the pure water will exert more force to move to the side with the salt water. This happens because, with fewer actual water molecules in the salt water, the pure water is stronger in its pursuit of the equal state. What happens is that you end up with diluted salt water on one side. It is less salty than the original, but it still contains salt. This works the same with any larger molecules, such as those in your drinking water.
Now, let’s look at how reverse osmosis works. You have the same pipe set up and the same salt water on one side and pure water on the other side. This time, however, you create pressure on the salt water side. This pressure needs to be greater than the natural osmosis that occurred in the original filtering system. With the increased pressure, the water molecules from the salt water are forced through the filter toward the pure water side. The salt is too large to pass through the filtering material so it is left behind. This means that rather than the pure water simply diluting the salt water, the salt water is purified, increasing the amount of pure water.
The Filtering Membrane
The material used to filter the water in reverse osmosis comes in different “grades”. This is determined by what percentage of the contaminating substances are removed. The water used to determine the grading of the filter is normally water used for livestock, such as feed cows, sheep, and pigs. Normally, there is the main layer and then a supporting layer to increase effectiveness. The only molecules that are supposed to be able to get through the filter are water molecules because the other chemicals most often found in water are too large. The water is then graded on both rejection rate (the percentage of waste products that are removed) and the recovery rate (the percentage that makes it through the filter). Ideally, you want a lower recovery rate and a higher rejection one.
Where is Reverse Osmosis Used?
Reverse osmosis has found application in a wide variety of situations, both small and large. Because of its high effectiveness and low energy cost, it has become one of the most popular methods of purifying the water that is used in residential and commercial situations. Reverse osmosis can be found in the following environments, among others.
*Household Water – There are two ways in which reverse osmosis systems show up in the home environment. Some individuals prefer buying smaller units for drinking and cooking while using regular tap water for cleaning and bathing. Other individuals, however, prefer installing systems that are used by the entire plumbing system in the household. Restaurants also vary between the two types of systems. The military uses reverse osmosis for its operations on a large scale, providing military families with some of the purest water available. Companies are more often providing employees with purified water from reverse osmosis. Every time you buy bottled water, there is a large chance it was purified through reverse osmosis.
*Industrial Settings – Many industries collect rainwater. Factories may use it to cool their manufacturing systems and farmers use the rainwater for drinking water for livestock. In both cases, however, there is a need for purer water. Farmers may employ reverse osmosis to water their crops, avoiding adding contaminants to food crops. Factories don’t like running unpurified water through their boilers. Chemicals in the water can build up, causing the systems to fail over time. Reverse osmosis allows the factories to use contaminant-free water, saving their boiling systems.
*Waste Water – More places around the world are making an effort to remove contaminants from waste water before it is returned to the overall water supply. Reverse osmosis allows waste water to be filtered and enables countries to return a safer product to the water supplies that are becoming less healthy. In time, it is hoped that our water resources will be able to be saved, allowing for purer water much longer than it is now predicted.
*Food Production – In order to rid the food sold in supermarkets, many manufacturers are now using reverse osmosis in their cleaning and canning processes. This helps keep food products healthier. It also prevents many bacterias from finding their way into the food products that find their way all over the world, preventing a widespread epidemic that could cause millions to become ill.
*Carwashes – You wouldn’t think water used to wash a vehicle needed to be purified but it can make a difference. Often the chemicals in water cause it to become hard. By utilizing reverse osmosis, the water softens, reducing spots and a soap film on the cars cleaned by the carwash.
*Aquariums – Aquarium keepers, on both small and large scales, are realizing how harmful unpurified water can be to both their live creatures and their aquarium systems. Reverse osmosis allows hem to remove many of the harmful chemicals that can ruin systems and cause illness, and even death, in the aquarium inhabitants.
How Reverse Osmosis Saves Your Health
When people first started filtering water, they used a charcoal filter. These filters did a so-so job, making the water healthier, but still not removing all of the contaminants. The charcoal filters needed to be changed regularly to keep working properly. As more people began to experience health problems, scientists went to work to find a way to help stave off many of these health disorders. As more people experience autoimmune disorders and cancer and high blood pressure increased, these scientists looked to the one thing everyone had in common, the water supply. After much research, the process of reverse osmosis was developed. While we must wait some time to know just how effective this method is in helping keep some diseases at bay, it stands to reason that purer water is healthier for all.
Which Reverse Osmosis Systems Are the Best?
Your actual needs will be the first thing you need to figure out before you set out to purchase a reverse osmosis system. The number of products on the market now is large and can make it confusing. The following five reverse osmosis systems are the ones we have found to be the top products on the market. After taking a look at your needs and going over the descriptions of these five systems, you should be able to make your decision from a better-educated standpoint.
Buying Guide
These, then, are five of the most popular and effective models on the market. However, your decision will depend, to a certain degree, on your personal circumstances, budgets and the way you use your water. For the first-time buyer, though, this can be a relatively confusing world full of its own jargon and terminology. So, before you start, here are a few things you need to know.
· Water efficiency: Efficiency relates to how much water the filter uses to produce pure, filtered water. This normally comes as a rating. For example, 4:1 means that it wastes four gallons of water for every one produced. Others will express this as a percentage. For example, 20% would equate to 5:1.
· Air Gap faucet: Supplies a gap to create a siphon break for under the sink filters. If the sink gets backed up dirty water cannot get back into the filter.
· TDS: total dissolved solids in the water. This usually means salts, such as magnesium, sodium, potassiums, chlorides and sulphates. This can be measured in a lab or via an electrical conductivity test. Although less accurate than the lab, it is much less expensive.
· pH Values: Most drinking water has a pH value of between 6.5 to 8.5. When water passes through the filter it tends to fall in pH which makes it more acidic. Some will restore the original value to improve the taste.
· Water Output: Most systems give a water output value which relates to the amount of water it produces each day. This might be between 50 and 90 gallons per day. However, the real-life performance seldom lives up to manufacturers’ claims. Lab conditions are more favourable and performance ratings can be affected by factors such as water pressure. This rating should be used as a guide only.
How RO Systems Work
Reverse Osmosis filters have shown themselves time and time again to be some of the best filtration systems for drinking water on the market. However, reverse osmosis only describes a relatively small part of the overall system. The actual set up varies from system to system and may include other processes such as UV light treatment and pre-filtration. The RO process itself refers to an RO membrane – a very fine membrane capable of removing almost all impurities. Pre-filtration removes solids and waste particles which might otherwise have damaged the membrane. Here’s a closer look at the different components.
Pre-Membrane Filters
Most drinking water contains some particles which could damage the RO membrane. Although these are invisible to the naked eye, they will need to be removed first and the pre-membrane filter does this.
RO Membrane
Once past the pre-membrane filter, the water can then go on to an ultra-fine filter which takes out everything larger than 0.001 microns. This means that almost nothing other than pure water can pass through the filter, which is why these systems are so effective. Some dissolved solids might get through, but the filter is fine enough to remove around 98% of these. Because it is so fine, water pressure will determine how quickly the water passes through the membrane.
Final filter
In most there is another carbon filter to remove any lingering tastes or odours. Once this is done, it should be ready to drink.
Additional Optional processes
· UV light Filters: Many will say they include a UV light filter. This can kill all the floating micro-organisms such as bacteria which can stay in the water even after conventional filtration. They generally remove around 99% of all microbes and are a good way to minimise the chances of contracting a disease.
· Pressure increasing pump: If you have low output pressure you may want to include a pressure increasing pump. This also reduces the amount of water needed to flush the membrane which dramatically increases efficiency. While most non-pumped systems will produce approximately four gallons of water for every gallon produced, these bring the ratio down to one to one.
· Remineralisation: The biggest drawback with filtered water is the way it tastes. It can sometimes be tart and unpleasant. Remineralisation replaces some minerals and restores the pH level to make it taste as natural as possible.
Installation and Maintenance
Each system needs some kind of installation.
Most of the models we reviewed are under the sink options, although some counter-top units are installed much easier. These have connections into the water feed pipes under the sink. Most of the time these can be carried out easily, but problems can sometimes occur when drilling a hole for the faucet.
There are two types of faucets: a standard faucet and an air gap faucet. You can read more about the air gap faucet earlier in our buying guide.
A standard faucet only needs a half to five-eighths of an inch hole to fit the faucet which should be possible for most people with reasonable DIY knowledge. Once you’ve drilled the hole the rest should be easy.
Installation can vary a little from model to model, but most will follow a variation of the following pattern:
· Disconnect cold water feed pipe from the wall.
· Attach the Supplied T-connector
· Drill a hole in the waste pipe for the waste connector.
· Use the drill bit as a guide to help you attach the drain connector to the drain pipe.
· Attach the filter to the side of the cupboard and ensure there is enough room to remove the filter. The only model which differs is the Brondell H2O Circle.
· Place the reservoir on the cupboard and attach the pipes. In most systems, these are colour coded to make life a little easier.
· Turn the water on to check for leaks before filling and emptying the reservoir three to four times. Once finished, the system should be producing nicely filtered water.
Maintaining a system
When you’re up and running, check the system from time to time for leaks, especially in those early days. Aside from that the only maintenance you’ll need is occasionally changing the filters. Some come with lights to let you know when it’s time to change.
RO Membranes have a life of between one and three years. Better quality filters tend to last for a little longer, predictably, than some of the cheaper ones. To extend the life of the membrane you can change the filters a little more regularly. Each system differs a little and some are more difficult than others. Check the individual instructions to see how to remove them.
Brands
The market is growing. However, some manufacturers are out ahead of the others including:
Home Master: They’ve been at the top of this field since 2002. They were originally known as Tap Master brand but rebranded to Home Master in 2002. They are known for their Fast Flow kit which increases the output of the system without pushing up the size. They also have a full contact remineralisation system which restores the original pH content to improve the taste.
APEC Water: They have considerable experience and have been going since the late 90s. Each system is rigorously tested before it leaves the factory. It is well known for reliability and quality especially the APEC counter-top which is easily installable on the top of the counter but can still produce 90 gallons a day.
Aquasana: Based in Texas, they produce filtration systems for the entire house. Their leading models can also remove 95% of fluoride from drinking water.
i-Spring: They have been forging a reputation for providing excellent value. It has three filter stages before the main membrane before a final stage to restore taste and odours.
Brondell: This wouldn’t normally make the list but makes the grade due to its innovation. The Brondell filter has a very different look and has a clever system to reduce the amount of water wasted. Of all the non-pumped models, this is possibly the most efficient.
Final Words
There you have it, the top five reverse osmosis water filtration systems on the market today. They all have their special points but they also have one important thing in common, they will provide you and your loved ones with the best-tasting, healthiest water you have ever known. In the end, the happiness and health of your family is the greatest benefit. You may soon hear your little ones asking for water over any other drink!
With the added health benefits, adding a reverse osmosis system to your home or business simply makes sense. The energy cost is not an issue and you actually save money on medical bills. In a world that is increasingly looking for healthier choices in both personal lifestyles and the environment, one of the easiest things you can do is make sure the water you use is clean and free of the contaminants that cause a variety of illnesses. As more people personally use reverse osmosis systems and more countries turn to the same systems of purifying water both that they send to consumers and that they return to the environment, we may eventually be able to return our natural resources to a purer state that is healthier for the entire planet.
